PRESS BRIEFING: 11AM FRIDAY 7 FEBRUARY 2003

                            PUBLIC SECTOR PAY

                            The Prime Minister's Official Spokesman (PMOS)

<http://www.number-10.gov.uk/output/Page7166.asp>

IRAQ

                            In answer to questions relating to alleged plagiarism concerning the latest Government
                            document on Iraq which had been published last weekend, the PMOS said that it was
                            important to put this story into context. It was imperative for people to understand what
                            the document was about. It was a Government briefing paper based - as stated on its
                            front cover - on a number of sources, including intelligence material. Why had we thought
                            it necessary to publish it? Because we wanted to show people not only the kind of
                            regime we were dealing with, but also how Saddam Hussein had pursued a policy of
                            deliberate deception. Unfortunately, Saddam did not produce an equivalent of the GICS
                            handbook, the Iraqi Year Book or Who's Who (if he did, he would probably have to
                            change it on a regular basis). We were trying to explain to people why the inspectors
                            were experiencing such problems in finding material and also the lengths to which
                            Saddam had gone to pursue his policy of deception. The first and third sections of the
                            document were based largely on intelligence material. The first section described the
                            extreme lengths to which Saddam had gone to hide his weapons and obstruct the
                            inspectors. The third section of the document described the impact of the regime on the
                            Iraqi people. The second section, which was the part which had been highlighted by the
                            media last night and today, described how the regime was structured. Some of that had
                            been based on Dr Ibrahim al-Marashi's work which, in retrospect, we should have
                            acknowledged. The fact that we had used some of his work did not throw into question
                            the accuracy of the document as a whole - as Dr Marashi himself had acknowledged on
                            Newsnight last night where he had said that in his opinion the document, overall, was
                            accurate. Nor did it take away from the core argument in the document, particularly in
                            section one which was based on current intelligence, that: Saddam had mounted a
                            deliberate policy of deception; that the inspectors were outnumbered by a ratio of 200:1;
                            that they were under constant surveillance; that there was a deliberate policy of
                            intimidation of scientists and others; and that every effort had been made to obstruct
                            rather than fully comply as 1441 said they should.

                            Asked repeatedly which Government Department had been responsible for drawing up
                            the document, the PMOS said that the information had been drawn together from a
                            variety of different sources. He had no intention of getting into some big debate about
                            processology. That wasn't the issue here. The issue was the central argument
                            highlighted in the document - that there was a deliberate policy of deception. No one,
                            from Dr Marashi down, had been able to question the accuracy of that central argument.
                            Asked to confirm that the British intelligence services and FCO officials had drawn up
                            the document, given at least of the names revealed in today's front page Guardian report
                            appeared to match up with someone who worked for the Prime Minister's Director of
                            Communications and Strategy, the PMOS said that he would decline attempt to draw
                            him into a discussion about processology for obvious reasons. That said, he could
                            confirm that the relevant people had seen the document before it had been published.
                            Asked if he would agree that the document was the result of a "cut's job by kids in
                            Downing Street's spin-doctored department", the PMOS said that we had wanted to set
                            out information relating to the membership of the Iraqi regime. Saddam Hussein did not
                            produce a Who's Who or give interviews to Jeremy Paxman-type people (although
                            Channel 4 News might say otherwise). Consequently, we had no cuttings on which to
                            base our knowledge. We did, however, have intelligence regarding Saddam's deliberate
                            policy of deception. We had tried to give people an insight into that intelligence in order
                            to inform their thinking. In our view, there was nothing for which we had to apologise in
                            making that attempt. Questioned as to whether anyone in Downing Street would be
                            disciplined given plagiarism was a very serious offence, the PMOS repeated that we
                            acknowledged that Dr Marashi's work should have been sourced, but he was not going to
                            get drawn into a processological discussion about this matter.

                            Asked why we hadn't acknowledged Dr Marashi's work from the start, the PMOS
                            repeated that the information contained in the document had been pulled together from a
                            variety of different sources. As he had said, in retrospect we should have acknowledged
                            which parts had come from public sources and which had come from others to clear up
                            any confusion. Ultimately, however, it was important to recognise that our overall
                            objective had been to give as full a picture as we could, not only of the Iraqi regime, but
                            also of its deliberate policy of deception - without in any way compromising the
                            intelligence sources on which the information was based. It was perhaps that which lay
                            at the root of our failure to acknowledge a piece of work which, in retrospect, we should
                            have done.

                            Put to him that the document was not 'based' on Dr Marashi's work but contained
                            'chunks' of it which had clearly been lifted from his research - some of which was over a
                            decade old, the PMOS repeated that section one, which dealt with Saddam's policy of
                            deception, was based largely on intelligence, including current intelligence. Similarly with
                            section three, which dealt with the effect of the regime on the Iraqi people. Section two
                            examined the structure of the regime, and it was only part of that which was based on Dr
                            Marashi's work. It was therefore wrong to proclaim that the whole of the document was
                            untrustworthy. It was not. As Dr Marashi had underlined in his Newsnight interview last
                            night, there was no dispute over the accuracy of section two of the document. The
                            question was whether we should have acknowledged his work which, in retrospect, we
                            admit we should have done.

                            Asked if the fact that we were using Dr Marashi's work was proof that we didn't have our
                            own sources to investigate the structure of the Iraqi regime, the PMOS said no. We had
                            our own sources. However, in drawing up the document, we had to balance the need to
                            try to explain to people the reality of the situation on the ground in Iraq with the need not
                            to compromise intelligence sources. Was there any doubt that there was a policy of
                            deception in Iraq? No. Was there any doubt that the purpose of the structure of the Iraqi
                            Government was to deceive the international community about Saddam's intentions? No.
                            Dr Marashi wasn't disputing the accuracy of the document as a whole. His complaint
                            was that we hadn't acknowledged his work which, we had said, in retrospect we should
                            have done. Asked if the acknowledgement would go up on the Downing Street website,
                            the PMOS said that we would of course look at the document on the website. However,
                            it was important for people to understand that Dr Marashi had not questioned the
                            accuracy of the report as a whole.

                            Put to him that this incident had 'shattered' the Prime Minister's argument in his
                            Newsnight interview yesterday that trust was vital if we were going to go to war, the
                            PMOS said that people's trust would be shattered if the information contained in the
                            document was found to be inaccurate. No one had said that it was - including Dr
                            Marashi. Equally, the fact that some of it had been sourced while Dr Marashi's work
                            hadn't been did not call into question any part of the document. The document was solid
                            and accurate and we stood by it. Asked if we had asked Dr Marashi whether he would
                            allow us to use his research, the PMOS said no and pointed out that his work was
                            publicly available.

                            Asked for a reaction to Dan Plesch of the Royal United Services Institute who had said
                            that the Government had been trying to deceive people by attempting to give the
                            impression that the information contained in the document was based on British
                            intelligence and was up to date, the PMOS repeated that the first section of the
                            document was based largely on current intelligence. Parts of section two, however, were
                            based on Dr Marashi's work. The fact that we had not acknowledged his research did not
                            in any way call into question the accuracy of the overall document. Asked if we had
                            pointed out in the document that some of the information which had been used was
                            twelve years old, the PMOS said that while some of the information might have come
                            from an earlier period, it did not call into question the accuracy of the document as a
                            whole. Asked for a reaction to Glenda Jackson's comment this morning that the
                            Government had misled Parliament, the PMOS said that he would reject the suggestion
                            completely.

                            Questioned as to whether the Prime Minister and Downing Street were embarrassed by
                            what had happened, the PMOS said that if he was being asked whether we should have
                            acknowledged Dr Marashi's work, the answer, in retrospect, was yes. Did that in any
                            way invalidate the core argument of the document? No it did not. Pressed as to whether
                            we were embarrassed by the revelations, the PMOS said that we all had lessons to learn
                            as we went through life. Asked if he would accept that the episode could have an impact
                            on the credibility of any past or future documents we might produce, the PMOS said no.

                            Asked if we had received any reaction from the US given Colin Powell's high praise for
                            the document on Wednesday, the PMOS said no. He reminded journalists that Mr
                            Powell had praised the compelling proof that Saddam was involved in deception.
                            Questioned further, the PMOS queried whether journalists were more interested in
                            focussing on processology or substance. In Iraq they knew the information in the
                            document was true. A failure to acknowledge someone's research did not invalidate an
                            entire piece of work. Nor did it disprove the fact that Saddam was deliberately trying to
                            deceive the international community. Those who tried to suggest otherwise should
                            realise that they were deluding themselves - and recognise that this delusion was more
                            about dogma than reality.

                            Asked for a reaction to the apparent concessions announced by Iraq overnight, the
                            PMOS said that this was the really serious business of the weekend. The key question
                            was not whether Saddam might make a few gestures or concessions - as we expected
                            he would - aimed at continuing the game of catch as catch can. Rather, the issue was
                            whether there was a fundamental change in his attitude. As Mohammed ElBaradei had
                            said last Thursday, it was not enough for Saddam to comply 90% or even 99%. He had
                            to comply 100%. The test for this weekend was contained in Resolution 1441. Was he
                            going to comply with the unanimous wish of the UN Security Council that he co-operated
                            "immediately, unconditionally and actively" with the goal of allowing the inspectors "to
                            remove, destroy and render harmless all prohibited weapons"? It was important for
                            people to remember that this was the man who had had the bare-faced cheek to tell
                            Tony Benn that Iraq had no weapons of mass destruction. After Dr Blix's first report to
                            the Security Council last week and Colin Powell's presentation on Wednesday, surely no
                            one seriously believe him.

                            Questioned as to whether there was a timetable for getting a second UN Resolution, the
                            PMOS said that the next step in the UN process was Dr Blix and Dr ElBaradei's report
                            to the Security Council on 14 February. People should exercise a little patience and not
                            get too ahead of themselves.